Production Glass -

Production Glass -

An Insight into the Production of Ceramic Products

We start to analyze the different typologies of ceramic products available in the market, and their point of strength compared to similar products made in other countries.

Even though operators in the ceramic business have a general knowledge of the different types of products, we believe that it is important to get a basic information of the production processes in order to understand why certain products are so competitive and what is their quality level.

Different types of ceramic tiles

The major classification of ceramic tiles is between Porcelain and Non Porcelain tiles. In this issue we analyze the Polished Porcelain Tiles with particular emphasis on the different varieties available in the market and their characteristics

Porcelain tiles:

Porcelain Tiles, also called "Gres Porcellanato" are characterized by two major features: - Very low water absorption (the norms require values less than 0.5%). The lower the water absorption, the higher the quality of the tile - High mechanical strength (almost double than the normal ceramic tiles) this result comes from a different body composition (combination of raw material with higher content of quartz) and a higher firing temperature (around 1200 degree) for longer times (up to more than 1 hour).

The "Porcelain" name characterizes the body of the tile, which is very strong and hard and suitable for any application both internal and external, floor or wall. Due to this characteristic, mainly the absence of porosity and water absorption, porcelain tiles are the only product that can be polished

Polished Porcelain tiles:

Even though Polished Porcelain Tiles are a very specific product, as explained above, they present a vast range of decorations which make they resemble line natural stone.

The major types are:

Salt and Pepper. - The body is a mixture of two coloured powders which give the typical aspect. These tiles can be polished, semi-polished (also called brushed) with smooth matt finishing, or unpolished with rough surface.

Salt Application - The body is with homogeneous colour (usually in the different tonalities of beige or light brown) and the decoration is made by an application of soluble salts which pene-trate the sur-face with deco-ration patterns. This type of tiles always comes with polished surface

Double Loading - This type of tiles, quite common, is made of two layers: the base is with single colour powder, on top of which is loaded a thin layer of mi-cronized powder (ceramic powder finely grinded to very thin size - like talc) in different colours.

Veined tiles - The whole body is made up of two or three different coloured powders, distributed with a veined pattern

Tiles with grains - These tiles include in the body ceramic grains of different sizes up to 10mm in dia-meter, often made of layers of different colours. When the tile is polished, these grains show round or oval inclusions of multiple colours.

Superwhites with veins- also known as "Carrara Marbles". A particular type of salt application, they have a very white bo-dy with smooth black veins that make the tile resemble the famous Marble of Carrara.

Other combinations - The above effects can be combined in the same tiles, reaching stunning aesthetical results.

Maverand - http://www.maverand.com - was set-up in 2001 in Hong Kong by Italian executives with previous long term experience in the ceramic business in China.

During our ten-year involvement in the ceramic business in China, we have witnessed the dramatic growth in expertise and capability of the Chinese ceramics producers, which nowadays have reached a quality level compared to the more famous "Ceramic Capitals" in Italy or Spain.



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